鋼的表面處理
在過去的20年中，一些用來增強鋼的強度和硬度的方案相繼產生。他們中的一些方法從原來的滲碳和氮化的案列上有所提高，以便獲得短周期有利于環(huán)境和改善性能的材料。各種各樣的鹽浴方案已經使用，但現在一個更廣泛的方法可用:
在壓鑄行業(yè)，表面處理已被運用到鋼材來獲得噴嘴、推桿、型芯等方面以便提高抗侵蝕、點蝕和焊接的能力。磨具組件的處理現僅收到有限的提升，因為生產復雜的熱模式大型磨具的表面處理沒有取得相當的成功。
化學處理已運用到壓鑄模組件；鋼的表面化學處理已被氮碳和其他元素進行了改進，主要類型的過程下面列出。
1.氮化。
2.軟氮化，比如 Tufftride ,Sulfinuz 和Suraulf。
3.金屬化，比如滲硼和豐田擴散過程。
4.滲碳、碳氮共滲。
Surface Treatments for Steels
During the past 20 years ,several processes have been introduced to obtain enhanced surfcce hardness of steels.Some of them have developed form cade carburizing and nitriding ,to obtain shorter processing times with better environmental contral and improved properties .Various salt bath processes have been used and now a wide range of new methods is avaitable .
In the die cadting industry surface treatments are applied to steels to improve the properties of nozzles ,ejector pins,cores and shot sleeves,to provide maximum trsistance to erosion ,pitting and soldering .Treatment of die cavities has received only limited acclaim ,because the complex thermal patterns produced on large die components lead to stresses which are sufficiently high to break through the thin surface treated layers ,leading to premature failure . Expreience in drop forging has also indicated that surface treatments of their dies have not been particularly successful .
Thermochemical treatments are applied to die casting die components ; the surface chemistry of the steel is modifid by the introduction of nitrogen , carbon and sometimes other elements ; the processes are of the main types listed below .
1. Nitriding .
2. Nitrocarburizing such as Tufftride , Sulfinuz and Suraulf .
3.Metallizing such as boronizing and the Toyota diffusion process.
4.Carburinzing and carbonitriding .
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